I voted for functional but your thought process makes me hold DCI in higher regard for outcomes.
Important we don't just think of patients as numbers (ie mRS) and take into consideration what they hold as a 'good' outcome. #NCSTJC
I voted DCI incidence as I believe is the most meaningful outcome tied to vasospasm prevention and treatment. Functional outcome is the ultimate goal but will be affected by multiple factors not necessarily related to vasospasm. #NCSTJC
We start at 0.5 mcg/kg/min and titrate by 0.25 up to a max of 2. We typically do not start with an initial bolus.
Most of these patients are usually already on pressors, but either norepi or phenyl is our go to #NCSTJC
SBP goals make sense for rebleed/bleed expansion as that's better correlated with shear force against a vessel wall, but for vasospasm treatment it probably doesn't make a big difference
I want to see who's out there using DBP targets... there's gotta be someone #NCSTJC
Agreed with the polyuria, this has been a big educational point with milrinone and the importance of adjusting fluids to maintain euvolemia for these patients, especially since these patients are in the vasospasm window
Increased UOP is definitely something I see in the patients we start on milrinone
The other thing I found wild about this study was their threshold for the upper limit of norepi was 1.5mcg/kg/min... That is like vasoplegic shock dosing 😳
This is my major criticism of this study as well - would have been interesting to look at their aSAH outcomes over time irrespective of milrinone. They may have just gotten better at aSAH, had more sensitive imaging to detect spasm, etc #NCSTJC
I voted functional outcomes, but with the complexity of aSAH care its hard to isolate the effect size of 1️⃣ intervention
VS resolution is great but is still a surrogate outcome. Whether it's the spasm or something like CSD driving outcomes has yet to be seen #NCSTJC
Especially in absence concurrent heart failure, high output state induced by milrinone presumably causes kidney hyperperfusion, diuresis and natriuresis, with K loss.
I think MAP goals are in general more physiologically reasonable, extrapolating from general intensive care, but unfortunately still many recent studies on SAH aim for SBP, which might be a problem. Especially in cronic hypertonics with large discrepancy between sBP and dBP.
#NCSTJC
Some other studies have proposed much higher dose intervals for Milrinone, as for example 2-3 mcg/kg/min. Quite high dose when compared to general indications for Milninone like right vetricular failure? Does anyone has comments on that?
Not too often that we use this but if we do, we've already trialed induced HTN. Starting dose is usually an infusion at 0.75 mcg/kg/min and if no improvement after an hour increase by 0.25 mcg/kg/min every hour up to a max of 1.25 mcg/kg/min.
It's a great option for those who can tolerate it without experiencing the potential adverse effects. Hypotension and arrhythmias can limit its utility-- especially in a setting where you may be simultaneously augmenting/maintaining BP with pressors. #NCSTJC